Northern Red Oak / Quercus rubra - is a tree of the oak genus of the beech family (Fagaceae). This species is included in the section of red oaks. An adult tree reaches up to 25 meters in height. The tree is slender, with a dense tent-shaped crown. The trunk is covered with thin, smooth, gray bark; in old trees, the bark cracks. Young shoots are reddish-felt, annual shoots are red-brown, smooth. The leaves are deeply notched, thin, shiny, up to 15-25 centimeters, with 4-5 pointed lobes on each side of the leaf, reddish when blooming, dark green in summer, lighter below, in autumn, before falling off, scarlet-red in young trees, the old ones are brownish-brown.
Blooms at the same time as the leaves open. Acorns are spherical, up to 2 centimeters, red-brown, as if chopped off from below, ripen in September of the year of flowering. It bears fruit steadily and abundantly from 15-20 years. Acorns do not germinate until spring, so squirrels often hide them for the winter.
Frost-resistant. Medium light-loving, easily tolerates lateral shading, but prefers full coverage of the top of the crown. Wind-resistant, not very demanding on soil fertility, withstands even acid reaction, but does not tolerate calcareous and wet soils. Resistant to pests and diseases, including powdery mildew. It has high phytoncidal properties.
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